LPMA (Limb Profile Monitor of the Atmosphere) + CAESR (Cryogenic Atmospheric Emission Spectre-Radiometer)

Developed by Laboratoire de Physique Moléculaire et Applications - CNRS

Balloon launched on 3/22/1995, from European Space Range, Kiruna, Sweden

Purpose of the flight and payload description

The LPMA instrument (Limb Profile Monitor of the Atmosphere) is a high spectral resolution Fourier transform spectrometer operating in absorption against the sun. The objective is to record limb atmospheric spectra in selected intervals from the thermal infrared to the near-infrared.

The instrument is composed by a commercial BOMEM DA2 spectrometer customized for balloon operations. A specially designed two detectors output optics enables to cover simultaneously two spectral regions making it possible to sample simultaneously the two interferograms detected during the same scan of the moving mirror and allowing to collect information on atmospheric species absorbing in widely different spectral regions.

In order to reach a good signal to noise ratio spectra performance, the interferometer must be feeded with a stable solar beam exactly aligned along the optical axis of the instrument. To be able to do this, two sub-systems of the gondola are needed:

- a primary pointing system initially developed by the Observatory of Geneva for astronomical payloads, controling the azimuth of the gondola and maintaining the sun in the field of view of the instrument even during ascent in the dense layers of the upper troposphere or lower stratosphere where this is a rather difficult achievement.

- a suntracker (also known as a heliostat) developed in cooperation with the Institut d'Electronique el de Micro-electronique du Nord performing the fine pointing of the acquisition mirror through 2 axes servo-controlled gimbal compensating for the residual motions of the payload and maintaining a jitter of the solar beam direction at the input of the interferometer of less than 1 arc min.

In addition it is possible to accomodate on the gondola another instrument of the class 30-50 kg wich can benefit from their good pointing capabilities.

In this flight also was part of the scientific payload onboard the gondola the University of Denver's Cold Atmospheric Emission Spectral Radiometer (CAESR), a cryogenically cooled medium resolution grating spectral radiometer recording atmospheric thermal emission in the direction opposite to the sun.

Details of the balloon flight

Balloon launched on: 3/22/1995 at 14:31 utc
Launch site: European Space Range, Kiruna, Sweden  
Balloon launched by: Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES)
Balloon manufacturer/size/composition: Zero Pressure Balloon model 100z Zodiac - 100.000 m3
Balloon serial number: 100Z Nº 74
End of flight (L for landing time, W for last contact, otherwise termination time): 3/22/1995 at ~ 17:30
Balloon flight duration (F: time at float only, otherwise total flight time in d:days / h:hours or m:minutes - ): 3 h 2 m
Campaign: SESAME (Second European Stratospheric Arctic and Midlatitude Experiment)  
Payload weight: 799 kgs
Gondola weight: 530 kgs

External references

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